Historical Relationship Between India and UK

India – United Kingdom Relationship After 1950

United Kingdom	India

Indian–British relations are foreign relations between India and the United Kingdom. India has a high commission in London and two consulates-general in Birmingham and Edinburgh. The United Kingdom has a high commission in New Delhi and three deputy high commissions in Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata. Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations. Since 1947, relations between the two countries have been mostly friendly and there are many areas in which both India and the UK seek stronger ties for mutual benefit. There are also strong cultural and social ties between the two nations. In India, English is one of the official languages, and Cricket is among the most popular sports. In the UK, Indian Cuisine is hugely popular. Britain imports most of its tea from India, and there are a number of words of Indian origin in the English language. India is among the top 5 investors in the British economy. The UK has an ethnic Indian population of over 1.6 million. Prime Minister David Cameron described Indian – British relations as the "New Special Relationship" in 2010.

India 2011

UK 2011

Indian Money

UK Money

UK Air Force Sky Show

Indian Air Force Sky Show

	United Kingdom	India
Population	61,612,300	1,198,002,968
Area	244,820 km2	3,287,263 km²
Population Density	246 /km2 (637 /sq mi)	364/km² (943/sq mi)
Capital	London	New Delhi
Largest City	London – 7,556,900 (13,945,000 Metro)	Mumbai – 13,922,125 (21,347,412 Metro)
Government	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	Federal parliamentary constitutional republic
Official languages	English (de facto)	Hindi, English, 22 other official languages
Main religions	71.8% Christianity, 22.9% non-Religious or unstated, 2.8% Islam, 1.3%, Sikhism, 0.9%, Hinduism, 0.6% Judaism, 0.3% Buddhism, 0.3% Others	80.5% Hinduism, 13.4% Islam, 2.3% Christianity, 1.9% Sikhism, 0.8% Buddhism, 0.4% Jainism, 0.7% Others
GDP (nominal)	US$2.674 trillion ($43,875 per capita)	US$ 1.430 trillion ($1,176 per capita)
GDP (PPP)	US$ 2.181 trillion	US$ 4.001 trillion
Military expenditures	$64 billion (FY 2009–10)	$37.6 billion (FY 2011-12)

India – United Kingdom Relationship Before 1950

East India Company (1600–1857)

Trade was established between Tudor England and Mughal India in 1600 when the East India Company was founded, with Elizabeth I granting the company a royal charter. Following the Mughal Empire's decline in 1707, the East India Company began gaining greater influence in India. Following the Battle of Plassey in 1757, which led to the conquest of Bengal, the East India Company eventually conquered most of the Indian subcontinent by 1857, following various wars with Indian kingdoms (such as the Anglo-Mysore Wars with Tipu Sultan, the Anglo-Maratha Wars and the Anglo-Sikh wars). India served as the main base for the British Empire's expansion across Asia and would remain the empire's most important colony until independence. Also due to Company rule in India, a sizeable British community began emerging in India while a sizeable Indian community began emerging in Britain at the same time. Following the Indian rebellion of 1857, where Indian sepoys rebelled against their British officers, the East India Company collapsed the following year.

British Raj (1858–1947)

In 1858, the British Government assumed direct control of the territories and treaty arrangements of the former East India Company. In 1876, the area, which included modern India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, became "The Indian Empire" (often known historically as the 'British Raj') with British Monarch Queen Victoria proclaimed as "Empress of India" (a title held by her successors until 1947). The British Indian Army was established and assisted Britain in many wars, including the Anglo-Afghan Wars, the Anglo-Gurkha Wars, the Anglo-Burmese Wars, the Opium Wars, and both the World Wars.

The Indian independence movement was established and rebelled against British rule, both through violent revolutions (as exemplified by Bhagat Singh and Subhash Chandra Bose) and through nonviolent resistance (as exemplified by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi). India eventually achieved independence in 1947, leading to the Partition of India.

Dominion of India (1947–1950)

Independence came in 1947 with the Partition of India into the Dominion of India, and the Dominion of Pakistan, within the Commonwealth of Nations. King George VI, who as British Monarch had been "Emperor of India", abandoned this title in 1947, and served as India's ceremonial head of state as 'King of India' (in much the same way, he also served as 'King of Pakistan'). In 1950 India became a Republic and the link with the British crown was severed.

The Dominion was part of the Sterling Area (the Republic of India finally leaving in 1966).

British Constructed India

British Introduce Train to India

British Introduce Shipping Transport in India

 Emperors and Empresses of India

Monarch	Began	Ended	Consort
Emperor Bahadur Shah II	May 1857 proclaimed Emperor of India in Delhi; was the Sharma Emperor since 1837	Sept 1857	Four - In chronological order of marriages - Begum Ashraf Mahal, Begum Akhtar Mahal, Begum Zeenat Mahal, Begum Taj Mahal.
Queen-Empress Victoria	28 April 1876 proclaimed in Great Britain 1 January 1877 proclaimed in India	22 January 1901	Victoria was widowed in 1861, before her accession
King-Emperor Edward VII	22 January 1901	6 May 1910	Queen-Empress Alexandra (d. 20 Nov. 1925)
King-Emperor George V	6 May 1910	20 January 1936	Queen-Empress Mary (d. 24 Mar. 1953)
King-Emperor Edward VIII	20 January 1936	11 December 1936	Edward abdicated the throne before he married
King-Emperor George VI	11 December 1936	22 June 1948 title abandoned	Queen-Empress Elizabeth (d. 30 Mar. 2002)

George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War (1914–1918) until his death in 1936.
George was a grandson of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert and the first cousin of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany. From 1877 until 1891 he served in the Royal Navy. On the death of Victoria in 1901, George's father became King Edward VII, and George was made Prince of Wales. On his father's death in 1910, he succeeded as King-Emperor of the British Empire. He was the only Emperor of India to be present at his own Delhi Durbar.
As a result of the First World War, other empires in Europe fell while his expanded to its greatest extent. In 1917, he became the first monarch of the House of Windsor, which he renamed from the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha as a result of anti-German public feeling. His reign saw the rise of socialism, communism, fascism, Irish republicanism, and the Indian independence movement, all of which radically changed the political landscape. The Parliament Act 1911 established the supremacy of the elected House of Commons of the United Kingdom over the unelected House of Lords. He appointed the first Labour ministry in 1924 and in 1931, the Statute of Westminster recognised the dominions of the empire as separate, independent kingdoms within the Commonwealth of Nations. He was plagued by illness throughout much of his later reign and at his death was succeeded by his eldest son, Edward VIII.